genus
Sneezeweeds
Helenium
Field notes
Helenium is a genus of annuals and herbaceous perennial plants in the family Asteraceae, native to the Americas.
They bear yellow or orange daisy-like composite flowers. A number of these species (particularly Helenium autumnale) have the common name sneezeweed, based on the former use of their dried leaves in making snuff. It was inhaled to cause sneezing that would supposedly rid the body of evil spirits. Larger species may grow up to 2 metres (6.6 ft) tall.
The genus is named for Helen of Troy, daughter of Zeus and Leda.
Helenium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Phymatopus behrensii.
Genus level properties: most conspicuously globe-like disk-shaped flowers, rays three-lobed at tip.
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Range
Greener is more native, amber more introduced; paler is less certain. How this was decided
Key traits
- Layer
- Herbaceous plants
- Plant type
- Annual Perennial Wildflower
From USDA PLANTS.
Top native sneezeweeds All
Native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.
-
Common Sneezeweed
Helenium autumnale
caterpillars
5
bees
10
food
1
flowers
151
-
Southern Sneezeweed
Helenium flexuosum
caterpillars
2
bees
6
food
1
flowers
41
-
Bitterweed
Helenium amarum
caterpillars
2
bees
5
food
3
flowers
60
-
Southeastern Sneezeweed
Helenium pinnatifidum
caterpillars
2
bees
4
food
2
flowers
23
-
Rosilla
Helenium puberulum
caterpillars
1
bees
5
food
3
flowers
21
-
Bigelow's Sneezeweed
Helenium bigelovii
caterpillars
1
bees
5
food
1
flowers
25
-
Savanna Sneezeweed
Helenium vernale
caterpillars
1
bees
4
food
1
flowers
20
-
Shortleaf Sneezeweed
Helenium brevifolium
caterpillars
1
bees
4
food
1
flowers
20
-
Fringed Sneezeweed Helenium drummondii caterpillars 1 bees 4 flowers 20
-
Slimleaf Sneezeweed
Helenium linifolium
caterpillars
1
bees
3
flowers
9
-
Coastal Sneezeweed
Helenium bolanderi
bees
3
food
1
flowers
14
-
Virginia Sneezeweed
Helenium virginicum
flowers
1