Top native conifers

14 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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14 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 8 Part shade 7 Dappled shade 3 Full shade 1

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 5 Well drained 14 Moist 9 Wet 1

Water use

Low 4 Medium 10

Soil

Rocky 4 Sand 6 Loam 10 Clay 7 Organic 3

Soil pH

Acid 8 Neutral 8 Alkaline 1

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Black walnut 3 Pollution 3 Wet soil 3 Dry soil 2 Heat 2 Heavy shade 2 Poor soil 1 Salt 1 Urban conditions 1 Wind 1

Form

Habit

Pyramidal 34 Erect 23 Conical 15 Dense 14 Open 10 Spreading 10 Rounded 9 Columnar 8 Oval 7 Horizontal 6 Ascending 5 Broad 4 Irregular 3 Arching 1 Cascading 1 Multi stemmed 1 Prostrate 1 Weeping 1

Plant type

Tree 14 Perennial 9 Poisonous 1 Shrub 1