Top native beeches, oaks, walnuts, and allies

58 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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58 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 36 Part shade 39 Dappled shade 1 Full shade 4

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 25 Well drained 54 Moist 36 Wet 11

Water use

Low 5 Medium 29 High 12

Soil

Rocky 15 Sand 51 Loam 58 Clay 45 Organic 15

Soil pH

Acid 40 Neutral 31 Alkaline 5

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Wet soil 21 Fire 15 Dry soil 13 Black walnut 11 Poor soil 10 Wind 10 Salt 9 Heat 7 Pollution 7 Storm damage 6 Compaction 4 Erosion 4 Urban conditions 3 Diseases 2 Humidity 2 Foot traffic 1 Heavy shade 1 Insect pests 1 Rabbits 1

Form

Habit

Rounded 45 Erect 24 Oval 17 Spreading 16 Pyramidal 14 Dense 13 Open 13 Broad 10 Multi stemmed 9 Irregular 6 Conical 5 Multi trunked 4 Ascending 2 Clumping 2 Columnar 1 Mounding 1

Plant type

Tree 54 Perennial 28 Poisonous 21 Shrub 11 Edible 9