Top native beeches, oaks, walnuts, and allies

38 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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38 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 27 Part shade 25 Dappled shade 1 Full shade 4

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 15 Well drained 28 Moist 26 Wet 9

Water use

Low 2 Medium 15 High 11

Soil

Rocky 7 Sand 24 Loam 31 Clay 24 Organic 9

Soil pH

Acid 46 Neutral 38 Alkaline 8

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Wet soil 14 Fire 9 Wind 8 Dry soil 6 Salt 6 Storm damage 5 Black walnut 4 Poor soil 4 Compaction 3 Erosion 3 Diseases 2 Heat 2 Pollution 2 Rabbits 2 Urban conditions 2 Foot traffic 1 Heavy shade 1 Humidity 1 Insect pests 1

Form

Habit

Rounded 26 Erect 14 Oval 11 Spreading 9 Pyramidal 8 Dense 7 Multi stemmed 7 Broad 6 Open 6 Irregular 5 Multi trunked 3 Clumping 2 Ascending 1 Columnar 1 Mounding 1

Plant type

Tree 37 Perennial 20 Poisonous 9 Shrub 9 Edible 4