Top native beeches, oaks, walnuts, and allies

26 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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26 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 17 Part shade 18 Dappled shade 1 Full shade 2

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 9 Well drained 24 Moist 21 Wet 4

Water use

Low 1 Medium 16 High 5

Soil

Rocky 6 Sand 19 Loam 23 Clay 19 Organic 6

Soil pH

Acid 19 Neutral 14 Alkaline 3

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Wet soil 11 Dry soil 8 Black walnut 7 Fire 7 Wind 5 Heat 4 Salt 4 Erosion 3 Pollution 3 Storm damage 3 Compaction 2 Poor soil 2 Diseases 1 Humidity 1 Insect pests 1 Rabbits 1 Urban conditions 1

Form

Habit

Rounded 49 Erect 25 Spreading 18 Oval 17 Pyramidal 15 Dense 14 Open 14 Broad 12 Multi stemmed 9 Irregular 7 Conical 5 Multi trunked 4 Ascending 2 Clumping 2 Columnar 1 Mounding 1

Plant type

Tree 26 Perennial 11 Poisonous 9 Edible 4 Shrub 3