Top native birches

2 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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2 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Part shade 2 Full shade 1

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 1 Well drained 2 Moist 2

Water use

Medium 1 High 1

Soil

Rocky 1 Sand 2 Loam 1 Clay 2

Soil pH

Acid 1 Neutral 1

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Wet soil 3 Fire 2 Black walnut 1 Compaction 1 Diseases 1 Dry soil 1 Heat 1 Pollution 1 Poor soil 1 Wind 1

Form

Habit

Pyramidal 2 Dense 1 Multi trunked 1 Open 1 Rounded 1 Spreading 1

Plant type

Tree 2 Perennial 1