Top native beeches, oaks, walnuts, and allies

4 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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4 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 2 Part shade 3

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 1 Well drained 3 Moist 4 Wet 1

Water use

Soil

Rocky 1 Sand 3 Loam 4 Clay 3

Soil pH

Acid 2 Neutral 3 Alkaline 1

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Poor soil 3 Wet soil 3 Wind 2 Black walnut 1 Compaction 1 Diseases 1 Dry soil 1 Erosion 1 Fire 1 Heat 1 Pollution 1 Salt 1

Form

Habit

Rounded 49 Erect 25 Spreading 18 Oval 17 Pyramidal 15 Dense 14 Open 14 Broad 12 Multi stemmed 9 Irregular 7 Conical 5 Multi trunked 4 Ascending 2 Clumping 2 Columnar 1 Mounding 1

Plant type

Tree 3 Shrub 2 Perennial 1