species 157 observations
Smooth Winterberry
Ilex laevigata
Field notes
Supports All
45
native animals
supported in the US
supported in the US
-
Caterpillars
Moths and butterflies raised on it
Clemens' Sphinx, Maple Spanworm Moth, Pawpaw Sphinx, Harris's Three-Spot
11
-
Specialist bees
Bees whose young are raised on the pollen of it
Colletes banksi
1
-
Hosted animals
Gall makers, leaf miners and other animals living on or in it
Red-headed Ash Borer, American Holly Leafminer, Phytomyza vomitoriae
3
-
Plant eaters
Animals that feed on it
American Robin, Citrus Flatid Planthopper, Glassy-winged Sharpshooter, Eastern Bluebird
9
-
Flower visitors
Pollinators and other flower visitors
Unequal Cellophane Bee, Common Eastern Bumble Bee, Barbara's Mining Bee, Eastern Yellowjacket
21
Range
Greener is more native, amber more introduced; paler is less certain. How this was decided
Key traits
From USDA PLANTS and the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center.