Top native Phegopteridoideae

3 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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3 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Dappled shade 1 Full shade 1

Soil and water

Moisture

Well drained 1 Moist 2 Wet 1

Soil

Soil pH

Toughness

Deer resistant

Resists

Heat 1 Heavy shade 1 Rabbits 1 Wet soil 1

Form

Habit

Arching 1 Erect 1

Plant type

Fern 3 Perennial 2 Wildflower 2 Herbaceous perennial 1