Top native beeches, oaks, walnuts, and allies

18 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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18 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 10 Part shade 14 Full shade 5

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 10 Well drained 17 Moist 14 Wet 2

Water use

Low 1 Medium 11 High 4

Soil

Rocky 2 Sand 15 Loam 15 Clay 13 Organic 6

Soil pH

Acid 11 Neutral 9

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Wet soil 23 Fire 18 Dry soil 15 Black walnut 11 Wind 11 Poor soil 10 Salt 9 Heat 7 Pollution 7 Storm damage 7 Compaction 4 Erosion 4 Urban conditions 3 Diseases 2 Humidity 2 Rabbits 2 Foot traffic 1 Heavy shade 1 Insect pests 1

Form

Habit

Rounded 14 Spreading 8 Dense 6 Erect 5 Oval 5 Pyramidal 5 Open 4 Broad 3 Clumping 2 Conical 2 Irregular 2 Multi stemmed 2 Mounding 1 Multi trunked 1

Plant type

Tree 16 Perennial 7 Poisonous 6 Edible 5 Shrub 3