Top native sunflowers, bellflowers, fanflowers, and allies

39 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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39 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 34 Part shade 18 Dappled shade 1 Full shade 1

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 23 Well drained 34 Moist 16 Wet 2

Water use

Low 14 Medium 14 High 4

Soil

Rocky 23 Sand 37 Loam 29 Clay 18 Organic 10

Soil pH

Acid 19 Neutral 21 Alkaline 12

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Dry soil 71 Poor soil 42 Heat 34 Wet soil 33 Rabbits 23 Humidity 18 Salt 16 Diseases 10 Erosion 8 Insect pests 8 Fire 4 Heavy shade 4 Pollution 3 Urban conditions 2 Compaction 1 Foot traffic 1 Wind 1

Form

Habit

Erect 29 Clumping 23 Spreading 10 Mounding 5 Rounded 5 Multi stemmed 4 Creeping 3 Prostrate 3 Dense 2 Ascending 1 Horizontal 1 Multi trunked 1 Open 1 Oval 1 Pyramidal 1 Vase 1

Plant type

Wildflower 32 Herbaceous perennial 29 Perennial 9 Ground cover 8 Annual 2 Bulb 2 Herb 2 Poisonous 1 Shrub 1 Weed 1