Top native heathers, balsams, primroses, and allies

2 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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2 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Full sun 2 Part shade 1 Dappled shade 1 Full shade 1

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 1 Well drained 2 Moist 1

Water use

Soil

Rocky 2 Sand 2 Loam 2 Clay 1 Organic 2

Soil pH

Acid 2 Neutral 1 Alkaline 1

Toughness

Drought tolerant

Deer resistant

Resists

Wet soil 20 Dry soil 17 Fire 15 Heat 10 Rabbits 9 Heavy shade 8 Poor soil 7 Black walnut 5 Compaction 5 Erosion 5 Salt 5 Humidity 3 Diseases 2 Insect pests 2 Pollution 2 Slugs 1 Storm damage 1 Urban conditions 1 Wind 1

Form

Habit

Creeping 2 Dense 2 Horizontal 2 Spreading 2 Clumping 1 Prostrate 1

Plant type

Ground cover 2 Herbaceous perennial 1 Perennial 1 Wildflower 1