species 4,607 observations
Coyotillo
Karwinskia humboldtiana
Field notes
Karwinskia humboldtiana, commonly known as coyotillo, cacachila or Humboldt coyotillo, is a species of flowering shrub or small tree in the family Rhamnaceae. It is native to southern and western Texas in the United States as well as much of Mexico. The seeds and leaves of this plant contain the quinones eleutherin and 7-methoxyeleutherin and chrysophanol and β-amyrin in the fruits that are toxic to humans and livestock.
The toxins typically induce an ascending paralysis, which is often followed by death. However, it often takes days or even weeks after consumption for the symptoms to manifest. Symptoms are similar to those of Guillain-Barré syndrome.
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Range
Greener is more native, amber more introduced; paler is less certain. How this was decided
Key traits
- Layer
- Trees
- Light
- Part shade
- Moisture
- Dry
- Water use
- Low
From USDA PLANTS and the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center.

