Top native cystopteris fragilis complex

6 species, native to the US, ranked by caterpillars, then bees and other hosts, food, flowers and shelter.

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6 native plants

Sun and shade

Light

Part shade 4 Dappled shade 2 Full shade 3

Soil and water

Moisture

Dry 1 Well drained 1 Moist 1

Soil

Rocky 1 Organic 1

Soil pH

Neutral 2 Alkaline 1

Toughness

Deer resistant

Resists

Heavy shade 2 Rabbits 1 Wet soil 1

Form

Habit

Clumping 1 Creeping 1 Erect 1

Plant type

Fern 6 Perennial 4 Wildflower 4 Herbaceous perennial 2